Obtención de pectina empleando tecnologías emergentes de extracción verde: Revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55996/dekamuagropec.v6i1.334Palabras clave:
Ácido galacturónico, ecológico, grado de esterificación, tecnologías verdes, polisacáridoResumen
La pectina es un biopolímero versátil, que posee una propiedad dual de resistencia y flexibilidad, puede ser extraída de diversas fuentes orgánicas siguiendo metodologías ecológicas. El objetivo de la presente revisión fue identificar las tecnologías emergentes de extracción verde, empleadas para la obtención de pectina, así como analizar la tasa de rendimiento de extracción y los parámetros de operación adecuados para obtener pectinas con mejores características reológicas. Se empleó las bases de datos (Scopus, Scielo y Science Direct), siguiendo las directrices PRISMA y la estrategia PIO (Población, Intervención, Outputs), los cuales facilitaron formular las ecuaciones de búsqueda y a identificar los artículos más relevantes de los últimos 5 años. A través del análisis bibliométrico, se identificaron las tecnologías más prometedoras para la obtención de pectina como el ultrasonido; calentamiento óhmico; CO2 supercrítico; campo eléctrico pulsado; procesamiento de alta presión; radiofrecuencia; microondas y agua subcrítica, las cuales son tecnologías verdes que ofrecen pectinas con grados de esterificación superiores al 50%, clasificándolas como altas en metoxilo. En conclusión, las tecnologías innovadoras promueven una extracción más ecológica en comparación con los métodos tradicionales, ya que implican un menor consumo energético y reducen el uso de solventes tóxicos.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Joselin Paucarchuco Soto, Brenda Rocío Montes Minaya, Jherry Lobaton Phocco Minaya, Javier Ruben Romero Cahuana, Yesenia Milagros Turpo Mamani
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